THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELFESTEEM IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND LIFE SATISFACTION A STUDY OF WHATSAPP USERS

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-I).07      10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-I).07      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Seemab Far Bukhari , Ifra Iftikhar , Amir Mehmood Bajwa

07 Pages : 86-98

References

  • Appleton, S. & Song, L., 2008. Life satisfaction in urban China: Components and determinants. World Development, 36(11), pp. 2325-2340. https://doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.04.009
  • Backe, I. F., Patil, G. G., Nes, R. B. & Clench- Aas, J., 2018. The relationship between physical functional limitations, and psychological distress: Considering a possible mediating role of pain, social support and sense of mastery. SSM - Population Health, Volume 4, pp. 153- 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.12.005
  • Balat, G. U. & Akman, B., 2004. The level of self-esteem in high school students of different socio-economic status. [Fırat University Journal of Social Science, 14(2), 175-183.
  • Bano, S., Cisheng, W., Khan, A. N. & Khan, N. A., 2019. WhatsApp use and student's psychological well-being: Role of social capital. Children and Youth Services Review, Volume 103, pp. 200-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.06.002
  • Beck, J., 2014. New Research Says There Are Only Four Emotions. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/02/new-research-says-there-are-only-four-emotions/283560/
  • Boneva, B. S. et al., (2006). Teenage communication in the instant messaging era. In. In: R. Kraut, M. Brynin & S. Kiesler, eds. Computers, phones, and the Internet: Domesticating information technology.. s.l.:Oxford University Press.
  • Branden, N., (2001). The psychology of self- esteem. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Burke, M., Marlow, C. & Lento, T., (2010). Social network activity and social well- being. s.l., Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2010 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (1909–1912). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753613
  • Coelho, J., Rito, F. & Duarte, C., 2017. ‘You, me & TV’—Fighting social isolation of older adults with Facebook, TV and multimodality. International Journal of Human- Computer Studies, 98, 38-50.
  • Danny, R., Hoyt, P., Marvin, A., Kaiser, P., George, R., Peters, P., & Nicholas Babchuk, P. (1980). Life Satisfaction and Activity Theory: a Multidimensional Approach. Journal of Gerontology, 35(6), 935–941. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/35.6.935
  • Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S., (1985). The satisfaction with life scale.. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
  • Diener, E., & Lucas, R. (2000). Explaining differences in societal levels of happiness: Relative standards, need fulfillment, culture, and evaluation theory. Journal of Happiness Studies, 1, 41-78. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010076127199
  • DoÄŸan, T. & Eryılmaz, A., 2013. An examination of the relationships between two-dimensional self-esteem and subjective well-being. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 33(33), 107- 117. https://doi: 10.9779/PUJE434
  • Elphinston, R. & Noller, P., 2011. Time to face it! Facebook intrusion and the implications for romantic jealousy and relationship satisfaction.. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 631–635.
  • Freire, T., & Ferreira, G. (2019). Do I need to be positive to be happy? Considering the role of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and psychological distress in Portuguese adolescents’ subjective happiness. Psychological Reports, 123(4), 1064–1082.
  • Gilman, R., & Huebner, E. (2006). Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction.. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 293-301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9036-7
  • Graciyal, D. G. & Viswam, D., 2021. Social Media and Emotional Well-being: Pursuit of Happiness or Pleasure. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 31(1), 99–115. https://DOI:10.1177/1326365X211003737
  • Grieve, R. et al., (2013). Face-to-face or Facebook: Can social connectedness be derived online?. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 604-609.
  • Gruzd, A., Doiron, S. & Mai, P., 2011. Is happiness contagious online? A case of Twitter and the 2010 Winter Olympics.. s.l., 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2011.259
  • Hobfoll, S. E. & Walfisch, S., 1984. Coping with a threat to life: A longitudinal study of self-concept, social support, and psychological distress. Community Psychology, 12(1), 87-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00896930
  • Huang, C. (2010). Internet use and psychological well-being: A meta- analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13(3), 241-249.
  • Hyvärinen, H., & Beck, R. (2018). Emotions Trump facts: The role of emotions in on social media: A literature review. s.l., Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (1797–1806). http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50113
  • James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology. New York: Holt.
  • Kahneman, D., DieVerduynner, & Schwarz, N. (1999). Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology. s.l.:Russell Sage Foundations
  • Katz, J. E., & Aspden, P. (1997). A nation of strangers?. Communications of the ACM, 40, 81-86.
  • Kim, S., & Knight, B. J. (2018). Caregiving subgroups differences in the associations between the resilience resources and life satisfaction. Applied Gerontology, 37,– 1563.
  • Kraut, R. et al., (2002). The Internet paradox revisited. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 49- 74.
  • Kraut, R. et al., (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological wellbeing?. American Psychologist, 53, 1017-1031.
  • Kringelbach, M. L., & Berridge, K. C. (2010). The neuroscience of happiness and pleasure. Social Research, 77(2), 659–678..
  • Kuo, F.-Y., Tseng, C.-Y., Tseng, F.-C. & Lin, C. S., (2013). A study of social information control affordances and gender difference in Facebook self-presentation. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 16(9), 635–644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0345
  • Kurnaz, M. F., Teke, E., & Günaydın, H. A. (2020). Relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction: A meta-analysis study. Research on Education and Psychology , 4(2), 236-253.
  • Lemon, B., Bengtson, V., & Peterson, J. (1972). An exploration of the activity theory of aging: Activity types and life satisfaction. Journal of Gerontology , 27(4), 511–523. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/27.4.511
  • Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 111– 131..
  • Nadkarni, A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012). Why do people use Facebook?. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(3), 243–249.
  • Park, N., Kee, K. F. & Valenzuela, S. (2009). Being immersed in social networking environment: Facebook groups, uses and gratifications, and social outcomes.. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 12(6), 729–733..
  • Pavot, W. & Diener, E., 2013. Happiness experienced: The science of subjective well- being.. In: E. S. David, I. Boniwell & A. C. Ayers, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Happiness. s.l.:s.n., 134-151. https://doi: 10.1007/s10902-015-9703-z
  • Pearlin, L. I., & Schooler, C. (1989). The structure of coping. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19, 2-21. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136319
  • Proctor, C., Linley, P., & Maltby, J. (2010). Very happy youths: Benefits of very high life satisfaction among adolescents.. Social Indicators Research, 98(1), 519–532.
  • Rey, L., Extremera, N., & Pena, M. (2011). Perceived emotional intelligence, self- esteem and life satisfaction in adolescents. Psychosocial Intervention, 20(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.5093/in2011v20n2a10
  • Rodríguez, A., Látková, P., & Sun, Y., (2008). The relationship between leisure and life satisfaction: Application of activity and need theory.. Social Indicators Research, Volume 86, pp. 163-175. h ttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-007-9101-y.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-ımage. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Seshadri, R., Srinivasan, R., & Kumar, V. (2020). An exploratory study to understand and examine the nature and type of relationship between self-esteem, life satisfaction and adjustment among male and female migrant students..Indian Journal of Mental Health, 7(2), 105- 111.
  • Sheldon, K. M., Abad, N., & Hirsch, C. (2011). A two-process view of Facebook use and relatedness need-satisfaction: Disconnection drives use, and connection rewards it.. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 766–775.
  • Vogel, E. A., Rose, J. P., Roberts, L. R. & Eckles, K., 2014. Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem.. .Psychology of popular media culture,, 3(4), 206-216.
  • Wakefield, R. & Wakefield, K., 2016. Social media network behavior: A study of user passion and affect. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 25(2), p. 140–156.
  • Winstone, L., Mars, B., Haworth, C. M. A. & Kidger, J., 2021. Social media use and social connectedness among adolescents in the United Kingdom: a qualitative exploration of displacement and stimulation. BMC Public Health, Volume 21, pp. 1736. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11802-9
  • Youngblom, R., Houlihan, D., & Nolan, J. (2014). An assessment of resiliency and life satisfaction in high school-aged students in Belize.. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 6(4), https://DOI:10.5539/ijps.v6n4p115
  • Appleton, S. & Song, L., 2008. Life satisfaction in urban China: Components and determinants. World Development, 36(11), pp. 2325-2340. https://doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.04.009
  • Backe, I. F., Patil, G. G., Nes, R. B. & Clench- Aas, J., 2018. The relationship between physical functional limitations, and psychological distress: Considering a possible mediating role of pain, social support and sense of mastery. SSM - Population Health, Volume 4, pp. 153- 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.12.005
  • Balat, G. U. & Akman, B., 2004. The level of self-esteem in high school students of different socio-economic status. [Fırat University Journal of Social Science, 14(2), 175-183.
  • Bano, S., Cisheng, W., Khan, A. N. & Khan, N. A., 2019. WhatsApp use and student's psychological well-being: Role of social capital. Children and Youth Services Review, Volume 103, pp. 200-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.06.002
  • Beck, J., 2014. New Research Says There Are Only Four Emotions. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/02/new-research-says-there-are-only-four-emotions/283560/
  • Boneva, B. S. et al., (2006). Teenage communication in the instant messaging era. In. In: R. Kraut, M. Brynin & S. Kiesler, eds. Computers, phones, and the Internet: Domesticating information technology.. s.l.:Oxford University Press.
  • Branden, N., (2001). The psychology of self- esteem. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Burke, M., Marlow, C. & Lento, T., (2010). Social network activity and social well- being. s.l., Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2010 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (1909–1912). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753326.1753613
  • Coelho, J., Rito, F. & Duarte, C., 2017. ‘You, me & TV’—Fighting social isolation of older adults with Facebook, TV and multimodality. International Journal of Human- Computer Studies, 98, 38-50.
  • Danny, R., Hoyt, P., Marvin, A., Kaiser, P., George, R., Peters, P., & Nicholas Babchuk, P. (1980). Life Satisfaction and Activity Theory: a Multidimensional Approach. Journal of Gerontology, 35(6), 935–941. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/35.6.935
  • Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S., (1985). The satisfaction with life scale.. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
  • Diener, E., & Lucas, R. (2000). Explaining differences in societal levels of happiness: Relative standards, need fulfillment, culture, and evaluation theory. Journal of Happiness Studies, 1, 41-78. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010076127199
  • DoÄŸan, T. & Eryılmaz, A., 2013. An examination of the relationships between two-dimensional self-esteem and subjective well-being. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 33(33), 107- 117. https://doi: 10.9779/PUJE434
  • Elphinston, R. & Noller, P., 2011. Time to face it! Facebook intrusion and the implications for romantic jealousy and relationship satisfaction.. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 631–635.
  • Freire, T., & Ferreira, G. (2019). Do I need to be positive to be happy? Considering the role of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and psychological distress in Portuguese adolescents’ subjective happiness. Psychological Reports, 123(4), 1064–1082.
  • Gilman, R., & Huebner, E. (2006). Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction.. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 293-301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9036-7
  • Graciyal, D. G. & Viswam, D., 2021. Social Media and Emotional Well-being: Pursuit of Happiness or Pleasure. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 31(1), 99–115. https://DOI:10.1177/1326365X211003737
  • Grieve, R. et al., (2013). Face-to-face or Facebook: Can social connectedness be derived online?. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 604-609.
  • Gruzd, A., Doiron, S. & Mai, P., 2011. Is happiness contagious online? A case of Twitter and the 2010 Winter Olympics.. s.l., 44th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2011.259
  • Hobfoll, S. E. & Walfisch, S., 1984. Coping with a threat to life: A longitudinal study of self-concept, social support, and psychological distress. Community Psychology, 12(1), 87-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00896930
  • Huang, C. (2010). Internet use and psychological well-being: A meta- analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13(3), 241-249.
  • Hyvärinen, H., & Beck, R. (2018). Emotions Trump facts: The role of emotions in on social media: A literature review. s.l., Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (1797–1806). http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50113
  • James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology. New York: Holt.
  • Kahneman, D., DieVerduynner, & Schwarz, N. (1999). Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology. s.l.:Russell Sage Foundations
  • Katz, J. E., & Aspden, P. (1997). A nation of strangers?. Communications of the ACM, 40, 81-86.
  • Kim, S., & Knight, B. J. (2018). Caregiving subgroups differences in the associations between the resilience resources and life satisfaction. Applied Gerontology, 37,– 1563.
  • Kraut, R. et al., (2002). The Internet paradox revisited. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 49- 74.
  • Kraut, R. et al., (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological wellbeing?. American Psychologist, 53, 1017-1031.
  • Kringelbach, M. L., & Berridge, K. C. (2010). The neuroscience of happiness and pleasure. Social Research, 77(2), 659–678..
  • Kuo, F.-Y., Tseng, C.-Y., Tseng, F.-C. & Lin, C. S., (2013). A study of social information control affordances and gender difference in Facebook self-presentation. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 16(9), 635–644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0345
  • Kurnaz, M. F., Teke, E., & Günaydın, H. A. (2020). Relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction: A meta-analysis study. Research on Education and Psychology , 4(2), 236-253.
  • Lemon, B., Bengtson, V., & Peterson, J. (1972). An exploration of the activity theory of aging: Activity types and life satisfaction. Journal of Gerontology , 27(4), 511–523. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/27.4.511
  • Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 111– 131..
  • Nadkarni, A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012). Why do people use Facebook?. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(3), 243–249.
  • Park, N., Kee, K. F. & Valenzuela, S. (2009). Being immersed in social networking environment: Facebook groups, uses and gratifications, and social outcomes.. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 12(6), 729–733..
  • Pavot, W. & Diener, E., 2013. Happiness experienced: The science of subjective well- being.. In: E. S. David, I. Boniwell & A. C. Ayers, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Happiness. s.l.:s.n., 134-151. https://doi: 10.1007/s10902-015-9703-z
  • Pearlin, L. I., & Schooler, C. (1989). The structure of coping. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19, 2-21. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136319
  • Proctor, C., Linley, P., & Maltby, J. (2010). Very happy youths: Benefits of very high life satisfaction among adolescents.. Social Indicators Research, 98(1), 519–532.
  • Rey, L., Extremera, N., & Pena, M. (2011). Perceived emotional intelligence, self- esteem and life satisfaction in adolescents. Psychosocial Intervention, 20(2), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.5093/in2011v20n2a10
  • Rodríguez, A., Látková, P., & Sun, Y., (2008). The relationship between leisure and life satisfaction: Application of activity and need theory.. Social Indicators Research, Volume 86, pp. 163-175. h ttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-007-9101-y.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-ımage. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Seshadri, R., Srinivasan, R., & Kumar, V. (2020). An exploratory study to understand and examine the nature and type of relationship between self-esteem, life satisfaction and adjustment among male and female migrant students..Indian Journal of Mental Health, 7(2), 105- 111.
  • Sheldon, K. M., Abad, N., & Hirsch, C. (2011). A two-process view of Facebook use and relatedness need-satisfaction: Disconnection drives use, and connection rewards it.. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 766–775.
  • Vogel, E. A., Rose, J. P., Roberts, L. R. & Eckles, K., 2014. Social comparison, social media, and self-esteem.. .Psychology of popular media culture,, 3(4), 206-216.
  • Wakefield, R. & Wakefield, K., 2016. Social media network behavior: A study of user passion and affect. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 25(2), p. 140–156.
  • Winstone, L., Mars, B., Haworth, C. M. A. & Kidger, J., 2021. Social media use and social connectedness among adolescents in the United Kingdom: a qualitative exploration of displacement and stimulation. BMC Public Health, Volume 21, pp. 1736. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11802-9
  • Youngblom, R., Houlihan, D., & Nolan, J. (2014). An assessment of resiliency and life satisfaction in high school-aged students in Belize.. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 6(4), https://DOI:10.5539/ijps.v6n4p115

Cite this article

    APA : Bukhari, S. F., Iftikhar, I., & Bajwa, A. M. (2023). The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users. Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI(I), 86-98. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-I).07
    CHICAGO : Bukhari, Seemab Far, Ifra Iftikhar, and Amir Mehmood Bajwa. 2023. "The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users." Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI (I): 86-98 doi: 10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-I).07
    HARVARD : BUKHARI, S. F., IFTIKHAR, I. & BAJWA, A. M. 2023. The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users. Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI, 86-98.
    MHRA : Bukhari, Seemab Far, Ifra Iftikhar, and Amir Mehmood Bajwa. 2023. "The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users." Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI: 86-98
    MLA : Bukhari, Seemab Far, Ifra Iftikhar, and Amir Mehmood Bajwa. "The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users." Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI.I (2023): 86-98 Print.
    OXFORD : Bukhari, Seemab Far, Iftikhar, Ifra, and Bajwa, Amir Mehmood (2023), "The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users", Global Digital & Print Media Review, VI (I), 86-98
    TURABIAN : Bukhari, Seemab Far, Ifra Iftikhar, and Amir Mehmood Bajwa. "The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Life Satisfaction: A Study of WhatsApp Users." Global Digital & Print Media Review VI, no. I (2023): 86-98. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2023(VI-I).07