ARTICLE

DEFYING GENDERED STEREOTYPES A MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS OF PAKISTANI ADVERTISEMENTS

01 Pages : 1-10

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-III).01      10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-III).01      Published : Sep 2022

Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements

    This study aims to explore the feministic strands in Pakistani advertisements. The focus of this paper is to analyze the implied meanings of these advertisements, which seem to break the gendered stereotypes and normalize feministic viewpoints about the ideal body, complexion and gender roles. This paper presents the linguistic and visual analysis of the ads, focusing on their breakdown of gender-based stereotypes and their demonstration of feministic messages in the Pakistani cultural context. The interdisciplinary theoretical underpinning for this study includes the visual multimodal of Kress and Leuwen (1996). A close analysis of Pakistani advertisements shows that most of the companies are defying the socio-cultural stereotypes regarding women and are presenting the feministic stances as a new normal. By focusing on the notion of change, this paper argues that this altered approach of the advertisement companies is an attempt to transform the traditional attitude of Pakistani patriarchal society towards social and cultural gender roles of women.

    Gendered Stereotypes; Multimodality; Feministic Strands; Advertisement; Gender Roles
    (1) Amna Murad
    Lecturer, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakisan
    (2) Zakia Mushtaq
    Lecturer, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Atifa Binth e Zia
    Lecturer, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Bibi, M., & Khan, S. (2009). Portrayal of Women in Advertising of Pakistani Media.
  • Currie, D. H. (1997). Decoding Femininity: Advertisements and Their Teenage Readers. Gender and Society, 11(4), 453– 477.
  • Diamond, M. (2002). "Sex and Gender Are Different: Sexual Identity and Gender Identity Are Different." Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry 7(3), 320–334. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104502007003002
  • Doyle, J. A., & Paludi, M. A. (1985). Sex and gender: the human experience Dubuque, IA: W M C Brown
  • Fikkan, J. L., & Rothblum, E. D. (2012). Is fat a feminist issue? Exploring the gendered nature of weight bias. Sex Roles, 66(9), 575- 592. ttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-011-0022-5
  • Iftikhar, M, Azia, F& Latif, F. (2020). Femininity in Pakistani Advertising: Portrayal of Gender Relationships & Islamic Values in Pakistani Television Commercials, 21(1),
  • Kamran, S. (2010). Potential issues of skin fairness creams TV advertisements in Pakistan. EJBO-Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies. 15(1), http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201010052959
  • Little, W., & Little, W. (2014). Gender, Sex, and Sexuality. Introduction to Sociology-1st Canadian Edition.
  • Das, M. (2000b). Men and women in Indian magazine advertisements: A preliminary report. Sex Roles, 43(9/10), 699–717. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007108725661
  • Milner, L. M., & Higgs, B. (2020). Gender Sex- Role Portrayals in International Television Advertising over Time: The Australian Experience. 81-95, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2004.10505166
  • Orbach, S. (2016). Fat is a feminist issue. Random House. Print.
  • Rasul, A. (2000). Women in advertisements. Journal of Mass Communication, Lahore Publishers & Co.
  • Royce, T. (2009). The shape of abuse: Fat oppression as a form of violence against women. In E. Rothblum & S. Solovay (Eds.), The fat studies reader (151–157). New York: New York University Press.
  • Shah, B. (2020). In Search of a Pakistani feministic Discourse in B. Zahoor. & R. Rumi.(Eds) Rethinking Pakistan: A 21st century Perspective. Anthem Press,
  • Shah, N. M., Ahmad, N., & Sathar, Z. A. (1986). Changes in Female Roles in Pakistan: Are the Volume and Pace Adequate? [with Comments]. The Pakistan Development Review, 25(3), 339–369.
  • Shahwar, D. (2013). A study of audience perception about the portrayal of women in advertisement of Pakistani electronic media. J. Glob. & Sci. Issues, 1(2), 15-26.
  • Shahzad, A., & Deeba, S. (2011). Men, women and TV Ads: The representation of men and women in the advertisements of Pakistani electronic media. Journal of media and communication studies, 3(4), 151-159.
  • Sorrels, B., & Persing, B. S. (1983). The nonsexist communicator: Solving the problems of gender and awkwardness in modern English. Prentice Hall.
  • Starr, C. (1996). [Review of Material Girls: Making Sense of Feminist Cultural Theory.; Resident Alien: Feminist Cultural Criticism., by S. D. Walters & J. Wolff]. Contemporary Sociology, 25(6), 818–820. https://doi.org/10.2307/2077318. Web.
  • Wolf, N. (2013). The beauty myth: How images of beauty are used against women. Random House.

Cite this article

    APA : Murad, A., Mushtaq, Z., & Zia, A. B. e. (2022). Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V(III), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-III).01
    CHICAGO : Murad, Amna, Zakia Mushtaq, and Atifa Binth e Zia. 2022. "Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (III): 1-10 doi: 10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-III).01
    HARVARD : MURAD, A., MUSHTAQ, Z. & ZIA, A. B. E. 2022. Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V, 1-10.
    MHRA : Murad, Amna, Zakia Mushtaq, and Atifa Binth e Zia. 2022. "Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V: 1-10
    MLA : Murad, Amna, Zakia Mushtaq, and Atifa Binth e Zia. "Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V.III (2022): 1-10 Print.
    OXFORD : Murad, Amna, Mushtaq, Zakia, and Zia, Atifa Binth e (2022), "Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements", Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (III), 1-10
    TURABIAN : Murad, Amna, Zakia Mushtaq, and Atifa Binth e Zia. "Defying Gendered Stereotypes: A Multimodal Analysis of Pakistani Advertisements." Global Digital & Print Media Review V, no. III (2022): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-III).01