ARTICLE

PORTRAYAL OF PAKISTAN ELECTRONIC CRIMES ACT IN LEADING LIBERAL DAILIES OF PAKISTAN

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

10 Pages : 105-111

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).10      10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).10      Published : Jun 2022

Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan

Abstract

    The content analysis is used to quantitatively analyze the portrayal of the Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) in leading English language dailies of Pakistan, Dawn, The News International and Express Tribune, for three (3) months, from 22 February 2022 to 22 May 2022. The News International seems to portray Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) more when compared with Dawn and Express Tribune. All three newspapers emphasize freedom of expression, and no newspaper adopts the-stance toward censorship or regulation of media. However, The Expression Tribune does hint at the need for censorship in one news article. The Dawn newspaper also emphasizes the voice of opposition and legal proceedings.The study is likely to have implications for the socially responsible role of mass media in contexts of factual news and the emerging issue of fake news by the inclusion of diverse voices. Unfortunately, the selected newspapers did not show cultural pluralism.

    Portrayal, Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act (PECA), English Dailies, Freedom of Expression, Censorship, Voices

    (1) Amir Mehmood Bajwa
    Chairperson, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Mudassar Hussain
    Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Maham Arif
    Lecture, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Akdeniz, Y. (2010). To block or not to block: European approaches to content regulation, and implications for freedom of expression. Computer Law & Security Review, 26(3), 260–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2010.03.004
  • Beyer, J. L. (2013). The Emergence of a Freedom of Information Movement: Anonymous, WikiLeaks, the Pirate Party, and Iceland. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(2), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12050
  • Camaj, L. (2013). The media’s role in fighting corruption: Media effects on governmental accountability. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 18(1), 21-42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161212462741
  • Charron, N. (2009). The Impact of Socio-Political Integration and Press Freedom on Corruption. Journal of Development Studies, 45(9), 1472–1493. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380902890243
  • Cohen, B. C. (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Curran, J. (1991). Mass media and democracy: A reappraisal. Mass media and society, 2, 82- 117.
  • Davis, D. K., & Baran, S. J. (2010). Mass communication and everyday life: A perspective on theory and effects. Wadsworth Publishing Company.
  • González-Quiñones, F., & Machin- Mastromatteo, J. D. (2019). On media censorship, freedom of expression and the risks of journalism in Mexico. Information Development, 35(4), 666–670. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666919866266
  • Imre, I., Pjesivac, I., & Luther, C. A. (2016). Governmental control of the Internet and WikiLeaks: How does the press in four countries discuss freedom of expression? International Communication Gazette, 78(5), 385–410. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048516640203
  • Jamil, S. (2021). The rise of digital authoritarianism: Evolving threats to media and Internet freedoms in Pakistan. World of Media. Journal of Russian Media and Journalism Studies, 3(3), 5–33. https://doi.org/10.30547/worldofmedia.3.2021.1
  • Jan, M., Riaz R, M., Siddiq, M., & Saleem, N. (2013). Print media on coverage of political parties in Pakistan: Treatment of opinion pages of ‘The Dawn’ and ‘News’. Gomal University Journal of Research, 29(1),
  • Jha, C. K., & Sarangi, S. (2017). Does social media reduce corruption? Information Economics and Policy, 39, 60–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoecopol.2017.04.001
  • Keane, J. (1991). The media and democracy. Cambridge.; Polity Press.
  • Lippman, W. (1992). Public Opinion. New York: Macmillan.
  • Nam, T. (2012). Freedom of information legislation and its impact on press freedom: A cross-national study. (4), 521–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2012.03.003
  • Shahzad, K., Saleem, N., & Sarwar, M. S. (2021). Overtness vs Covertness: Operations of Propaganda Model Filters in Pakistani Newspapers. Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, 58(2),
  • Stanig, P. (2014). Regulation of Speech and Media Coverage of Corruption: An Empirical Analysis of the Mexican Press. American Journal of Political Science, 59(1), 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12110
  • Stevenson, C. (2007). Breaching the great firewall: China's internet censorship and the quest for freedom of expression in a connected world. BC Int'l & Comp. L. Rev., 30,
  • Toor, S. I. (2020). Comparative Analysis of the Portrayal of PPPP, PML (N) and PTI in Pakistani Print Media during Democratic Tenure of PPPP. Global Political Review, 5(3), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(v-iii).09
  • Whitten-Woodring, J. (2009). Watchdog or Lapdog? Media Freedom, Regime Type, and Government Respect for Human Rights. International Studies Quarterly, 53(3), 595– 625. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00548.x

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Bajwa, A. M., Hussain, M., & Arif, M. (2022). Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V(II), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).10

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Bajwa, Amir Mehmood, Mudassar Hussain, and Maham Arif. 2022. "Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (II): 105-111 doi: 10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).10

HARVARD

    HARVARD : BAJWA, A. M., HUSSAIN, M. & ARIF, M. 2022. Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V, 105-111.

MHRA

    MHRA : Bajwa, Amir Mehmood, Mudassar Hussain, and Maham Arif. 2022. "Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V: 105-111

MLA

    MLA : Bajwa, Amir Mehmood, Mudassar Hussain, and Maham Arif. "Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V.II (2022): 105-111 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Bajwa, Amir Mehmood, Hussain, Mudassar, and Arif, Maham (2022), "Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan", Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (II), 105-111

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Bajwa, Amir Mehmood, Mudassar Hussain, and Maham Arif. "Portrayal of Pakistan Electronic Crimes Act in Leading Liberal Dailies of Pakistan." Global Digital & Print Media Review V, no. II (2022): 105-111. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-II).10