ARTICLE

RECONCEPTUALIZING PUBLIC SPHERE IN THE DIGITAL ERA FROM HABERMAS PUBLIC SPHERE TO DIGITALLY NETWORKED PUBLIC SPHERE

20 Pages : 206-214

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-I).20      10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-I).20      Published : Mar 2022

Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere

    Technological networks have established a new social morphology of the modern world. The paper provides an understanding of the notion of the networked public sphere by examining all the seminal notions to theorize the ‘Networked Public Sphere’. The paper reflects that the boundaries between old and new media have been blurred and the new media technologies have established a hybrid environment in which there is a huge interplay between conventional media and new media. The paper concludes that the political use of social media among citizens in the networked public sphere helps to devise strategies to be engaged in online and offline political activities and generate a public discourse among them that influence the political domains of the society.

    Public Sphere, Social Media, Political Activism, Networked Public Sphere
    (1) Qasim Mahmood
    Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Zarmina Gull
    Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Rao Nadeem Alam
    Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Benkler, Y. (2006). The wealth of networks: how social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Bennett, W. L., Wells, C., & Freelon, D. (2011). “Communicating Civic Engagement: Contrasting Models of Citizenship in the Youth Web Sphere.” Journal of Communication 61(5), 835–856. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01588.x
  • Bennett, W. L. (2012). The personalization of politics: political identity, social media, and changing patterns of Participation. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 644(1), 20-39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716212451428
  • Beers, D. (2006). The public sphere and online independent journalism. Canadian Journal of Education, 29(1), 109-130.
  • Bruns, A. (2005). Gate watching collaborative online news production. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
  • Cardoso, G. (2008). From mass to network communication: Communication models and the informational society. International Journal of Communication, 2, 578-630. http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/19/1978
  • Castells, M. (2000). The rise of the network society: the information age: economy, society, and culture (2nd ed. Vol. 1). Hobokon, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Castells, M. (2008). Communication power. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Chadwick, A. (2013). The hybrid media system, politics and power. In A. Chadwick. (Ed.), Digital Politics. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Cogburn, D. L., & Espinoza-Vasquezb, F. K. (2011). From networked nominee to networked nation: examining the impact of Web 2.0 and social media on political participation and civic engagement in the 2008 Obama Campaign. J. Political Market, 10, 189-213.
  • Dalton, R. J., Sickle, A. V., & Weldon, S. (2009). The individual-institutional nexus of protest behaviour. British Journal of Political Science. (40), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000712340999038X
  • Earl, J. (2014). Something old and something new: a comment on “new media, new civics”. Policy & Internet, 6(2), 169-175. https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/1944-2866.POI357
  • Habermas, J. (1962). The Structural transformation of the Public Sphere. MIT Press
  • Habermas, J. (1996). Between facts and norms: Contributions to a discourse theory of law and democracy. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
  • Habermas, J. (2006). Political Communication in Media Society: Does Democracy Still Enjoy an Epistemic Dimension? The Impact of Normative Theory on Empirical Research. Communication Theory, 16: 411- 426. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2006.00280.x
  • Harcup, T., & O’Neill, D. (2017). What is news? Journalism Studies, 18(12), 1470-1488. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1150193
  • Hermida, A. (2014). Twitter as an ambient news network. In Katrin., Bruns., Axel., Burgess., Jean., Mahrt., Merja. & P. Cornelius (Eds.), Twitter and Society (359-372): Peter Lang Inc. New York.
  • Lazersfeld, P. F., Berelson, B., & Gaudet, H. (1944). The people's choice: how the voter makes up his mind in a presidential campaign. New York: Columbia University Press
  • mcNair, B. (2006). Cultural chaos: journalism, news, and power in a globalized world. England; New York: Routledge
  • Meraz, S. (2009). Is there an elite hold? Traditional media to social media agenda setting influence in blog networks. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 14(3), 682-707.
  • Papacharissi, Z. (2002). The virtual sphere: The internet as a public sphere. New Media & Society, 4(1), 9– 27. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614440222226244
  • Papacharissi, Z. (2015). Toward new journalism(s). Journalism Studies, 16(1), 27- 40. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.890328
  • Roberts, M., Wanta, W., & Dzwo, T. H. (2002). Agenda setting and issue salience online. Communication Research, 29(4), 452-465.
  • Rojas, H., & Puig-i-Abril, E. (2009). Mobilizers mobilized: information, expression, mobilization and participation in the digital age. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(4), 902-927. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01475.x
  • Rosenstone, S. J. (2006). The people formerly known as audience. Press Think. Retrieved from http://archive.pressthink.org/2006/06/27ppl_frmr.html
  • Valenzuela, S. (2013). Unpacking the use of social media for protest behavior: the role of information, opinion expression and activism. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(7), 920-942. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764213479375
  • Vitak, J., Zube, P., & Smock, A. (2011). It’s complicated: Facebook users' political participation in the 2008 election. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 14(3), 107-114.
  • Xenos, M., Vromen, A., & Loader, B. D. (2014). The great equalizer? Pattern of social media use and youth political engagement in three advanced democracies. Information Communication & Society, 17(2), 151-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.871318
  • Yang, G. (2010). The power of the Internet in china: citizen activism online. Columbia University Press.
  • Yinjiao, Y., Ping, X., & Zhnag, M. (2016). Social media, public discourse and civic engagement in modern China. Thematics and Informatics, 34, 705-714

Cite this article

    APA : Mahmood, Q., Gull, Z., & Alam, R. N. (2022). Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V(I), 206-214. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-I).20
    CHICAGO : Mahmood, Qasim, Zarmina Gull, and Rao Nadeem Alam. 2022. "Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (I): 206-214 doi: 10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-I).20
    HARVARD : MAHMOOD, Q., GULL, Z. & ALAM, R. N. 2022. Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V, 206-214.
    MHRA : Mahmood, Qasim, Zarmina Gull, and Rao Nadeem Alam. 2022. "Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V: 206-214
    MLA : Mahmood, Qasim, Zarmina Gull, and Rao Nadeem Alam. "Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V.I (2022): 206-214 Print.
    OXFORD : Mahmood, Qasim, Gull, Zarmina, and Alam, Rao Nadeem (2022), "Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere", Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (I), 206-214
    TURABIAN : Mahmood, Qasim, Zarmina Gull, and Rao Nadeem Alam. "Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas' Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere." Global Digital & Print Media Review V, no. I (2022): 206-214. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-I).20