Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers
This research study looks into newsroom convergence in Pakistan and looks at the newsrooms of four major newspapers: Dawn, Jang, The Nation, and Express. The study's goal is to discover how newsrooms are coping with digital innovations. Purposive sampling was used by the researcher to choose the four newsrooms and staff members, and observation and interviews were used as the research methods. The study found that editors in the newsrooms were concerned about the future of print media in the digital age and mulling ways to generate revenue for the print media for their survival, with some suggesting setting up paywalls on exclusive content on the newspapers’ websites and using local modes of payment such as EasyPaisa, JazzCash, etc for the readers. Overall, it is believed that convergence has led to better journalism in terms of the ease in production and distribution of content in the media, while it has also led to reduction of costs for the newspaper owners.
-
Newsroom, Pakistan, Newspapers, Dawn, Jang, The Nation, Express
-
(1) Muhammad Shahid
PhD Scholar, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Amir Hamza Marwan
Lecturer, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
- Altmann, J. (1974). Observational Study of Behavior: Sampling Methods. Behaviour, 49(3), 227–266. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853974x00534
- Alzahrani, A. A. (2016). Newsroom Convergence in Saudi Press organisations: A qualitative study into four newsrooms of traditional newspapers. Doctoral dissertation, University of Sheffield.
- Berg, B. (2004). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (5th edn). Boston: Pearson.
- Bhardwaj, P. (2019). Types of sampling in research. Journal of the Practice of Cardiovascular Sciences, 5(3), 157. Researchgate. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_62_19
- Brock, G. (2013). Out of Print: Newspapers, journalism and the business of news in the digital age. London: Kogan Press.
- El Badawy, T. A., & Magdy, M. M. (2015). The Impact of Media Convergence on Egyptian HR Practices: A Zoom on the Newsroom Post January 2011 Revolution. International Business Research, 8(4), 10–18 https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v8n4p10
- GarcÃa Avilés, J. A., Meier, K., Kaltenbrunner, A., Carvajal, M., & Kraus, D. (2009). Newsroom Integration in Austria, Spain and Germany. Journalism Practice, 3(3), 285–303. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780902798638
- Gentry, J. (1999). “The Orlando Sentinel. Newspaper of the future: Integrating print, television and the Web,†in Making Change a report for the American Society of Newspaper Editors.
- Guarte, J. M., & Barrios, E. B. (2006). Estimation Under Purposive Sampling. Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation, 35(2), 277– 284. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610910600591610
- Jamshed, S. (2019). Qualitative research method- interviewing and observation. Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy, 5(4), 87–88. NCBI. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.141942
- Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York and London: New York University Press.
- Josephi, B. (1998). The Influence of Newsroom Layout on News. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/37616181_The_Influence_of_Newsroom_Layout_on_News
- Klinenberg, E. (2005). Convergence: News Production in a Digital Age. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 597(1), 48–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716204270346
- li, F., Ghaznavi, Q. Z., & Khan, S. (2021). Impact of Technology on Traditional Journalism in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, VI(II), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-II).12
- McQuail, D. (1983). Mass Communication Theory: An Introduction, First Edition. London: Sage Publications.
- Micó, J. L., Masip, P., & Domingo, D. (2013). To Wish Impossible Things: Convergence as a Process of Diffusion of Innovations in an Actor-Network. International Communication Gazette, 75(1), 118–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048512461765
- Pavlik, J. (2000). The Impact of Technology on Journalism. Journalism Studies, 1(2), 229– 237. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700050028226
- Pavlik, J. (2001). Journalism and New Media. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Pavlik, J. (2008). Media in The Digital Age. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Pavlik, J. V. (2004). A Sea-Change in Journalism: Convergence, Journalists, their Audiences and Sources. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 10(4), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/135485650401000404
- Pew Research Center. (2021, June 29). Trends and Facts on Newspapers | State of the News Media. Pew Research Center’s Journalism Project. https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/newspapers/
- Quinn, S. (2005). Convergence’s fundamental question. Journalism Studies, 6(1), 29–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670052000328186
- Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling Methods in Research Methodology; How to Choose a Sampling Technique for Research. SSRN Electronic Journal, 5(2), 18–27. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3205035
- Tuchman, G. (1978). Making News: A Study in the Construction of Reality. London: Free Press.
- Vinten, G. (1994). Participant Observation: A Model for Organizational Investigation? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9(2), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683949410059299
- Wendland, M. (2001). Newspapers, TV stations and websites converge to create a new media entity. http://www.freep.com/money/tech/mwend21_20010221.html
Cite this article
-
APA : Shahid, M., & Marwan, A. H. (2022). Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V(IV), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-IV).05
-
CHICAGO : Shahid, Muhammad, and Amir Hamza Marwan. 2022. "Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (IV): 54-67 doi: 10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-IV).05
-
HARVARD : SHAHID, M. & MARWAN, A. H. 2022. Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V, 54-67.
-
MHRA : Shahid, Muhammad, and Amir Hamza Marwan. 2022. "Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V: 54-67
-
MLA : Shahid, Muhammad, and Amir Hamza Marwan. "Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers." Global Digital & Print Media Review, V.IV (2022): 54-67 Print.
-
OXFORD : Shahid, Muhammad and Marwan, Amir Hamza (2022), "Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers", Global Digital & Print Media Review, V (IV), 54-67
-
TURABIAN : Shahid, Muhammad, and Amir Hamza Marwan. "Impact of Convergence on Newsrooms of Pakistani Newspapers." Global Digital & Print Media Review V, no. IV (2022): 54-67. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-IV).05